Key Questions on Energy and AI

Following the publication of the IEA’s landmark Energy and AI report in 2025, this new report examines how the energy and AI nexus has evolved amid surging investment in data centres and rapid advances in model capabilities. Drawing on fresh datasets and analysis, it explores where electricity demand is rising, how quickly grids and supply chains can respond, and what these shifts mean for energy affordability, security and sustainability.

The report is structured as a set of questions and related analysis.