Data and statistics

Global low-emissions hydrogen production and COP28 pathway, 2030

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Change in global energy employment between 2023 and 2030 under the COP28 pathway

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Potential low-emissions hydrogen production in Northwest Europe by status, 2023 vs 2030

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Battery cell levelised cost of production by region at different graphite price levels

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Investment in critical minerals mining, 2021-2024

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Investment in critical minerals exploration, 2021-2024

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Number of critical mineral startups, 2021-2024

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Share of top refining country for 20 energy-related minerals

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Annual average demand and supply growth, 2021-2024

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Annual average price developments for selected minerals, 2020-2024

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Change in refined copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earths production by country, 2020-2024

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Expected mine supply from existing and announced projects and primary supply requirements for copper, 2035

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