State-owned policy bank and government agency commitments by instrument, 2019-2024

Last updated 11 Dec 2025

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Sources

IEA based on data from AidData (2023), Global Chinese Development Finance Dataset, Version 3.0; AidData (2025), China's Global Loans and Grants Dataset, Version 1.0; the American Enterprise Institute (2025), China Global Investment Tracker; and the Belt and Road Portal (2025).

Notes

Collection and curation of data from the Belt and Road Portal were performed using the IEA Energy Data Centre’s web-scraping system.

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