Sodium-ion battery installed and announced manufacturing capacity by chemistry and by region, 2025 and 2030

Sources

IEA analysis based on data from Benchmark Mineral Intelligence.

Notes

LIB = lithium-ion batteries. GWh/year refers to the nameplate manufacturing capacity. Manufacturing capacity refers to battery cells. “Similar critical mineral intensity to LIB” refers to all layered oxide cathode materials. “Lower critical minerals intensity than LIB” refers to polyanionic and Prussian‑blue analogue (PBA) cathode materials. Some polyanionic and PBA chemistries can still contain notable amounts of critical minerals – for example manganese for PBAs or vanadium for polyanionics – but typically less than layered oxides.