Share of top refining country for 20 energy-related minerals

Last updated 13 May 2025

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Sources

IEA analysis based on USGS (2025), Mineral Commodity Summaries 2025, and EU Raw Materials Information System (accessed April 2025).

Notes

Based on the most recent year for which data are available. The figure for titanium refers to titanium metal. The figure for manganese refers to high-purity manganese sulphate. The figure for molybdenum refers to ferromolybdenum.

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