Share of population that can afford mini-grid electricity by region per IEA basic bundle

Sources

IEA analysis based on META (2025), Relative Wealth Index; KTH (2025), Open Source Spatial Electrification Toolkit (ONSSET); ESMAP (2024), Off-Grid Solar Market Trends Report 2024; Mukisa, N., Manitisa, M., Nduhuura, P., Tugume, E., & Chalwe, C. (2022), Solar home systems adoption in Sub-Saharan African countries: Household economic and environmental benefits assessment, Renewable Energy, 836-852.

Notes

IEA and KTH Royal Institute of Technology analysis based on the OnSSET model developed by KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Income levels per location are approximated based on the Relative Wealth Index. The model applies the real tariffs of existing mini-grids to future mini-grids. These are gathered from different operators across the region.