Productivity bonus, additional to energy cost savings, in small and medium enterprises by energy efficiency measure in the United States, 2002-2024

Sources

IEA analysis based on Industrial Training and Assessment Centers (ITAC) (2002-2024), ITAC Database (accessed 18 March 2026).

Notes

Sample size n = 1023. Examples for energy efficiency measures: Production equipment (efficient motors, waste heat recovery); Administration (space optimisation, employee training, workforce scheduling); Material management (closed-cycle water use, waste reduction); Energy source (fuel switching, storage); Equipment control (pressure optimisation, system monitoring); Building measures (lighting, Space heating and cooling); Maintenance (preventive maintenance, leak reduction).