Global reported corporate energy R&D spending in selected sectors, 2010-2019

Sources

IEA based on Bloomberg (2020).

Notes

“Other” comprises CCUS, electricity storage, insulation, lighting, other fossil fuels and smart energy systems. Corporate energy R&D spending includes reported R&D expenditure by companies in sectors that are dependent on energy technologies, including energy efficiency technologies where possible. Classifications are based on the Bloomberg Industry Classification System. “Automotive” includes technologies for fuel economy, alternative fuels and alternative drivetrains. To allocate R&D spending for companies active in multiple sectors, shares of revenue per sector are used in the absence of other information. All publicly reported R&D spending is included, though companies domiciled in countries that do not require disclosure of R&D spending are under represented. Depending on the jurisdiction and company, publicly reported corporate R&D spending can include a range of capitalised and non capitalised costs, from basic research to product development and, in some cases, resource exploration. Compared with World Energy Investment 2019, a small number of companies in countries with highly volatile inflation and exchange rates, including Venezuela’s PDVSA, have been removed from the dataset to avoid atypical annual changes at the global level.