Global new car sales by powertrain, 2000-2026

Sources

IEA analysis based on data from Marklines and EV Volumes.

Notes

ICEV = internal combustion engine vehicle; HEV = hybrid electric vehicle; EV = electric vehicle; FCEV = fuel cell electric vehicle; AEs = advanced economies; EMDEs = emerging markets and developing economies. “HEV” includes only full hybrid electric cars (FHEV). “ICEV” includes both conventional ICE cars and mild-hybrid electric cars (MHEV), typically featuring 48V hybrid powertrain architectures. 2026 sales (“2026e”) are estimated based on market trends through the first half of 2026.