Evolution of public low-carbon energy RD&D budget in IEA member countries, 1974-2021

Last updated 17 May 2022

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Notes

Data from 2018 onwards include for the additional spending of the Ministry of Environment (MoE) of Japan (0.4 USD billion of low-carbon technologies in 2018), which is not covered for previous years. This has effects on the apparent 2017-2018 growth.

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