Average annual energy bill for gasoline car and battery electric car, 2025

Notes

ICE = internal combustion engine (includes ICE and non-plug-in hybrid cars); BEV = battery electric vehicle (includes fully electric cars). Energy bills are calculated based on average heating demand and passenger light-duty vehicles activity needs across the EU. Energy bills for industry are estimated based on an industrial facility with a thermal energy demand of 100 TJ. The electricity and gas prices capture the effects of cheaper LNG, high renewables share, reinforced grids, nuclear lifetime extensions and tax shifts.