IEA
      • About
      • News
      • Events
      • Programmes
      • Help centre
      IEASkip navigation
          • Energy system Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by fuel, technology or sector
            Oil and natural gas supply

            Fossil Fuels

            Photo depicts a solar panels and windmills in the power plant

            Renewables and Low-Emissions Fuels

            Transport

            Transport

            Tracking industry

            Industry

            Tracking buildings

            Buildings

            Explore all
          • Topics Chevron down
            Understand the biggest energy challenges
            Iran tmo 2008052 lrg, NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz, MODIS Rapid Response team

            The Middle East and Global Energy Markets

            Electricity security report cover

            Energy Security

            Photo Depicts Abstract Curly Tendrils Against Blue Background Gettyimages 1041976390

            Artificial Intelligence

            Critical Mineral Topic Page Header Image

            Critical Minerals

            Access and Affordability

            Pexels Googledeepmind 17485658

            Energy Innovation

            Investment Topic Page Cover Image Windwills In The Background With Solar Panels At The Foreground

            Investment

            Climate Change

            Thisisengineering X7cls0azgkg Unsplash

            Energy and Gender

            Russias War On Ukraine Topic Page Cover An Empty Train Station In Lviv Urkaine

            Russia's War on Ukraine

            • Investment
            • Climate Change
            • Energy and Gender
            • Russia's War on Ukraine
            • Energy and Water
            • Fossil Fuel Subsidies
            • Net Zero Emissions
            • Saving Energy
            • COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
            All topics
          • Countries Chevron down
            Explore the energy system by country or region
            Member countries
            • Australia
            • Austria
            • Belgium
            • Canada
            • Czechia
            • Denmark
            • Estonia
            • Finland
            • France
            • Germany
            • Greece
            • Hungary
            • Ireland
            • Italy
            • Japan
            • Korea
            • Latvia
            • Lithuania
            • Luxembourg
            • Mexico
            • New Zealand
            • Norway
            • Poland
            • Portugal
            • Slovak Republic
            • Spain
            • Sweden
            • Switzerland
            • The Netherlands
            • Türkiye
            • United Kingdom
            • United States
            Accession countries
            • Brazil
            • Chile
            • Colombia
            • Costa Rica
            • Israel
            • Romania
            Association countries
            • Argentina
            • China
            • Egypt
            • India
            • Indonesia
            • Kenya
            • Morocco
            • Nigeria
            • Senegal
            • Singapore
            • South Africa
            • Thailand
            • Ukraine
            • Viet Nam
            All Countries and Regions
          • DataChevron down
            Use, download and buy global energy data

            Data explorers

            Understand and manipulate data with easy to use explorers and trackers

            Data explorers

            Data sets

            Free and paid data sets from across the energy system available for download

            Data sets

            Policies database

            Past, existing or planned government policies and measures

            Policies database

            Chart Library

            Access every chart published across all IEA reports and analysis

            Chart
            Explore data
          • Reports Chevron down
            Read the latest analysis from the IEA
            • Oil Market Report - June 2026

              Fuel report — 17 June 2026

              Oil Market Report - June
            • Sheltering From Oil Shocks

              Measures to reduce impacts on households and businesses

              Fuel report — 20 March 2026

              Photo depicts Aerial view of heavy traffic on a motorway in Perth, Australia, with a train running along the parallel railway line, several lanes congested with vehicles
            • GettyImages 2157213934

              World Energy Outlook 2025

              Read more

              Flagship report — 12 November 2025

            • The photo depicts a 3d rendered particle trail background. Magic sparkle trail effect. Shimmering waves with light effect isolated on black background. Lines swirl effect. Abstract motion.

              Energy Technology Perspectives 2026

              Read more

              Flagship report — 26 March 2026

            All reports
          • Search
          • Bag
            1
          • User Profile

          Sign In

          You are connecting via IP recognition from
          .

          If you wish to proceed, click on Connect.
          If you prefer to log into your personal account, please sign in below.

          ConnectConnect
          OR
          Error
          Eye
          Error
          Create an account

          Create a free IEA account to download our reports or subcribe to a paid service.

          Join for freeJoin for free
              All content Reports Data & Tools News & Events
              Authors Countries Energy system Newsletters Policies Programmes Sectors Topics
                • Policy

                • Australia

                • 2023

                Joint Statement of Intent between Australia and the United Kingdom on collaboration on critical minerals

                The Australia and United Kingdom Critical Minerals Statement of Intent supports a commitment to strengthen international critical minerals supply chains, promote economic security and meet net zero targets. The countries will work together to pursue the following shared objectives: Increase and diversify critical minerals supply chains; Build downstream processing and manufacturing capabilities; Create skilled and high-paying jobs in regional communities. Through the Statement of Intent, Australia and the United Kingdom intend to: Identify and promote investment opportunities in clean energy technologies and upstream extraction; Seek avenues for enhanced research and development collaboration, including geoscience, downstream minerals processing, and the…

                • Policy

                • United Kingdom

                • 2023

                Joint Statement of Intent between Australia and the United Kingdom on collaboration on critical minerals

                The Australia and United Kingdom Critical Minerals Statement of Intent supports a commitment to strengthen international critical minerals supply chains, promote economic security and meet net zero targets. The countries will work together to pursue the following shared objectives: Increase and diversify critical minerals supply chains; Build downstream processing and manufacturing capabilities; Create skilled and high-paying jobs in regional communities. Through the Statement of Intent, Australia and the United Kingdom intend to: Identify and promote investment opportunities in clean energy technologies and upstream extraction; Seek avenues for enhanced research and development collaboration, including geoscience, downstream minerals processing, and the…

                • Policy

                • Switzerland

                • 2021

                Free Trade Agreement between United Kingdom and the States of the European Free Trade Association

                The free trade agreement between the United Kingdom and Switzerland entered into force on 1 Jan 2021. It provides preferential border tariff treatment to most industrial products, including most energy products including: Electric motors, turbines and generators; Mechanical equipment including pumps, appliances, and other advanced machinery; Electric accumulators, transformers, capacitors, batteries; Motor vehicles; Mineral ore, slag and ash; Mineral fuels, oils and other products; Metals and their articles e.g. iron and steel; Semiconductors devices and photovoltaic cells; Rule of origins apply to qualify for the preferential tariff treatment, with conditions to confer originating status include but are not limited…

                • Policy

                • United Kingdom

                • 2021

                Revised/Updated NDC of United Kingdom

                The UK aims at reducing its GHG emissions by at least 68% below 1990 levels by 2030.

                • Policy

                • United Kingdom

                • 2021

                Second Revised/Updated NDC of United Kingdom

                The UK aims at reducing its GHG emissions by at least 68% below 1990 levels by 2030.

                • Country

                Gibraltar

                Gibraltar

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                Gibraltar Flag
                • Country

                United Arab Emirates

                The majority of the energy produced in the United Arab Emirates is from natural gas and oil. The country is also a major exporter of oil and gas and it started using its strong solar PV potential in 2014 to produce electricity.

                • OverviewOverview
                • Energy mixEnergy mix
                • EmissionsEmissions
                • ElectricityElectricity
                • + 5 pages

                United Arab Emirates Flag
                • Policy

                • People's Republic of China

                • 2012

                EV production facilities in United States, Japan, France and Spain by Envision ASPEC

                Envision ASPEC has set up production facilities in the United States, Japan, France, Spain and United Kingdom, with plans for further expansion.The production facilities in United States and United Kingdom were first set up in 2012, Japan in 2021, France in 2022 and Spain in 2024.

                • Policy

                • United States

                • 2024

                Debt financing by the Export-Import Bank of the United States

                The Export-Import Bank of the United States (EXIM) provides international financing support through a wide range of products: Short-term working capital, Export credit insurance, Medium-term insurance, Medium- to long-term loan guarantees, Project and structured finance and Long-term direct loans. The bank is committed to promoting environmentally beneficial exports, including financing U.S. exports of renewable energy and nuclear equipment and energy efficiency technologies.

                In 2024, the EXIM indicated its willingness to provide USD 104 million in debt financing for delivery of a first 20 MW nuclear microreactor for use in the United Kingdom.

                • Policy

                • United Kingdom

                • 2025

                Vision 2035: Critical Minerals Strategy

                The United Kingdom’s Critical Minerals Strategy sets out the plan for how the country will secure the critical minerals it needs for economic growth and the clean energy transition up to 2035. The main objective of the Strategy is to strengthen the United Kingdom’s security of supply for critical minerals by: (i) optimising domestic production with more mining, refining and recycling with a strong focus on circular economy and on attracting investment; and (ii) diversifying supply by building resilient domestic and global supply networks through partnerships with other importers and producer countries. It also introduces, alongside the standard…

              Previous page Prev
              Next Next page

              Newsletters

              The best of the IEA sent straight to your inbox

              Subscribe to newsletters

              Podcasts

              Top energy experts put IEA analysis in context

              Listen to our podcast
              • Understand energy
              • Reports
              • News and commentaries
              • Events
              • Energy system
              • Topics
              • Countries and regions
              • Glossary
              • Explore data
              • Data explorers
              • Data sets
              • Policies database
              • Chart library
              • Energy Statistics Browser
              • IEA essentials
              • About
              • Mission
              • Membership
              • Structure
              • Programmes
              • International collaborations
              • Technology collaboration
              • Training
              • Connect
              • Contact
              • Press
              • Careers
              • Internships
              • Delegates
              • Help centre
              IEA
              © 2026 IEA
              • Terms
              • Privacy
              • youtube
              • linkedin
              • bluesky
              • facebook
              • instagram
              • x (formally twitter)
              Back to top

              Subscription successful

              Thank you for subscribing. You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link at the bottom of any IEA newsletter.