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Illustrative levelised cost of heating for hybrid systems in Germany, 2024
Illustrative levelised cost of heating for hybrid systems in Germany, 2024 industrial heat commentary
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Global Energy Review 2026 Technology: Electric vehicles
…2025. Sales of electric heavy-freight trucks also tripled in 2025, reaching more than 200 000 units. Almost all the growth in China’s electric car sales came from pure battery electric vehicles, with plug-in hybrids seeing a smaller increase (4%). In the European Union, electric car sales increased by 30% in 2025. The biggest EU car market – Germany – saw significant growth in electric car sales, as did Spain and Italy, following a reintroduction of purchase subsidies in those two countries. Other large-volume markets saw growth in electric car sales as well. In Poland, sales increased by 140%, while…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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Global Energy Review 2026 Technology: Heat pumps
…first half the year, they fell sharply in the second half. Sales of air-to-water and hot water heat pumps, which make up the remainder of the market, remained at similar levels to 2024.In Europe, annual sales rose by 11%, marking the first year of growth since 2022. This recovery was largely driven by Germany, where sales in the first half of the year increased by 55%. It was also the first year that heat pumps outsold gas boilers in the country. However, in France, Europe’s largest heat pump market, sales declined moderately. In the United States…
- Key findings
- Global trends
- Oil
- Natural gas
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+ 9 pages
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Unlocking Ukraine’s Hydrogen Opportunity: A Roadmap The hydrogen opportunity
…demand and 2‑4 times its final energy demand. Half of this potential is in regions that are occupied or heavily mine-contaminated. The realisable economic potential is much lower, especially considering the current high cost of capital. Ukraine has a larger renewable resource capacity than Germany (a potential importer of hydrogen derivatives), but smaller than Morocco (an alternative supplier to Europe). The high cost of capital in Ukraine could offset lower costs from higher capacity factors.If repurposed, existing gas pipelines to the European Union could transport nearly 33 Mtpa of hydrogen (80% through Slovakia). Most of the capacity is now available…
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Demand and Supply Measures for the Steel and Cement Transition Executive summary
…cement sectors account for 14% of global energy and process-related emissions on a direct basis, making them central to the decarbonisation challenge. First mover producers of near-zero emissions materials are beginning to position themselves to compete in such markets, including through the development of definitions, certification and labelling systems for near-zero emissions steel and cement – in some cases through collaboration with government – like the Low Emissions Steel Standard initiated in Germany, the voluntary CO2 standard of the China Iron and Steel Association, and the Global Cement and Concrete Association’s definitions proposal. Yet, while progress is underway…
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Austria
Austria is committed to reaching climate neutrality by 2040. Over three quarter of electricity generation already comes from renewables, with a target of achieving a 100% renewable electricity supply by 2030 (national balance). This requires investments to make networks more resilient and flexible, optimise demand side management, and updating the legal and regulatory framework to allow more consumer participation. Buildings and transport account for around half of total emissions . To progress the transition in these sectors, the government supports building renovation, switching from fossil fuels to sustainable heating systems, the electrification of transport and invests in public transport infrastructure.
- Overview
- Energy mix
- Emissions
- Electricity
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+ 5 pages
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Illustrative levelised cost of heat for electric and natural gas boiler hybrids at different utilisation rates and CO2 prices in Germany, 2024
Illustrative levelised cost of heat for electric and natural gas boiler hybrids at different utilisation rates and CO2 prices in Germany, 2024 industrial heat commentary
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Battery electric car price changes by contributing factor in China, the United States and Germany, 2024-2025
Battery electric car price changes by contributing factor in China, the United States and Germany, 2024-2025 GEVO 2026
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Germany‘s Special Fund for Infrastructure and Climate Neutrality - Climate-friendly new construction (KFN), Climate-friendly new construction in the low-cost segment (KNN) and home ownership promotion for families (WEF)
Starting in 2025, programs supporting for affordable and environmentally friendly housing are funded through the Special Fund for Infrastructure and Climate Neutrality (Sondervermögens Infrastruktur und Klimaneutralität).
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Germany's Special Climate and Transformation Fund
In 2023, Germany's Federal Cabinet approved the set up of the Special Climate and Transformation Fund "Klima- und Transformationsfonds (KTF)" for 2024 - 2027 to support the development and establishment of future technologies and thus Germany's transformation towards a sustainable and climate-neutral economy. The Fund scope and activities were revised after a ruling by the Federal Constitutional Court in December 2023.
