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COP28: Tracking the Energy Outcomes
…identifying pathways forward and providing policy makers with advice on accelerating national and secure clean energy transitions. The IEA's landmark 2024 report, From Taking Stock to Taking Action: How to implement the COP28 energy goals, explores the risks of partial implementation and discusses how countries can integrate the objectives set at COP28 into their next round of targets under the Paris Agreement.The sections below follow the energy targets laid out in Paragraph 28 of the COP28 Global Stocktake outcome (which can be found in full here). They show where the world currently stands in relation to these objectives…
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Investment
…participation across geographies. Participants representing a diverse range of financial institutions are invited to attend an annual event hosted at the IEA headquarters in Paris, and regional summits – the latest held in Singapore – are also organised to encourage broad participation across geographies. Investment in clean energy this year is set to be twice the amount going to fossil fuels Key findings Global energy investment set to hit record in 2025 despite headwinds Total energy investment worldwide is poised to grow by 2% in 2025 to $3.3 trillion, reaching an all-time high despite elevated geopolitical tensions and economic uncertainty…
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Climate Change
…global warming to 1.5 °C, as called for by the Paris Agreement, and avoiding the worst effects of climate change.The rapid growth of some clean energy technologies in recent years – including electric cars, solar PV and batteries – has kept the door to 1.5 °C open. Yet meeting this target would require much faster progress on a much larger scale, IEA analysis shows – with even greater international co-operation and ambition from policy makers, as well as the swift and full implementation of the energy commitments made at the COP28 climate summit in Dubai. These include the global…
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Net Zero Emissions
…2021, outlining what would be required within the energy sector to achieve this goal at the global level by mid-century. An update to the Roadmap, which has served as an essential benchmark for policy makers, industry, the financial sector and civil society, was published in 2023.The Roadmap is based on the IEA’s Net Zero Emissions (NZE) Scenario, which portrays a pathway for the global energy sector to achieve net zero carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by 2050 while maintaining energy security. This scenario is consistent with keeping long-term global warming to 1.5 °C with limited overshoot…
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Access and Affordability
…wood, agricultural waste and animal dung – the use of which is a leading cause of premature death and serious health issues in many of the poorest regions of the world.The IEA is at the forefront of efforts to track and address global gaps in energy access. For more than two decades, the Agency has collected and published data on this subject – with a focus on making energy access universal, secure and affordable. To support financial and policy momentum towards these goals, the IEA and its partners hosted the landmark 2024 Summit on Clean Cooking in Africa, which led to…
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Energy and Gender
It comprises a number of senior officials from IEA Member countries, facilitating the exchange of best practices on gender equality and inclusion and gender mainstreaming across the energy sector. Women are vital energy consumers, producers and decision-makers who make a crucial contribution to global energy security and energy transitions. Building a more secure, fair and equitable energy future hinges on their active participation.Recognising this, the IEA’s Member countries have asked the Agency to focus on key issues at the nexus of energy and gender, from improving gender data collection to expanding analysis of the gender dimensions of…
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Artificial Intelligence
…000 households. The largest data centre announced is set to consume as much electricity as 5 million households. In 2024, data centres accounted for 1.5% of worldwide electricity demand. By 2030, this share is set to rise to about 3% in the IEA’s base case, with electricity demand from data centres worldwide more than doubling to around 945 terawatt-hours (TWh). That is slightly more than the entire electricity consumption of Japan today. While this is still a relatively small portion of the global total, the effects are poised to be particularly strong in some countries. For example…
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Energy Innovation
…Co-ordinating Committee and the Working Party of Industrial Decarbonisation. The CERT has also established an Experts' Group on R&D Priority-Setting and Evaluation (EGRD) to advise on R&D priority-setting, linkages to governmental policy objectives and methods in the evaluation of R&D activities, and an understanding of emerging R&D topics. Energy innovation is critical to the global energy system, delivering advancements that shape how we produce, consume and distribute energy. From the creation of the first steam engine in the 17th century to the development of the wide array of modern energy technologies we use today…
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Energy Security
…world in the coming decades as clean energy transitions advance, the threat posed by oil supply disruptions will not disappear anytime soon.Even once global demand starts to decline structurally, oil will remain an important part of the energy mix for some time. There is also good reason to believe that oil supply disruptions are even more likely to occur in the coming decades than they are today. This is due to an elevated risk of supply-demand imbalances, increasing supply concentration for both crude oil and oil products, a highly uncertain geopolitical outlook, and a plethora of additional risks…
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Russia's War on Ukraine
The new energy world The global energy landscape has changed dramatically The energy sector continues to feel the effects of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which in February 2022 sparked the first truly global energy crisis. Two years on, energy prices have pulled back from record highs, but trends vary widely among regions. In many parts of the world, prices are still elevated – holding back economic growth, straining the finances of households and businesses, and complicating efforts to improve access to electricity. Energy markets, faced with an unusually high degree of geopolitical uncertainty, remain on edge.In Ukraine, the energy sector…