- Gas coke is a by-product of hard coal used for the production of town gas in gas works. Gas coke is used for heating purposes. Coal tar is a result of the destructive distillation of bituminous coal.
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Coal tar is the liquid by-product of the distillation of coal to make coke in the coke oven process. Coal tar can be further distilled into different organic products (e.g. benzene, toluene, naphthalene), which normally would be reported as a feedstock to the petrochemical industry.
Coke oven gas
Coke oven gas is obtained as a by-product of the manufacture of coke oven coke for the production of iron and steel.
Coking coal
Coking coal refers to coal with a quality that allows the production of a coke
suitable to support a blast furnace charge. Its gross calorific value is greater
than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis.
Gas works gas
Gas works gas covers all types of gas produced in public utility or private plants, whose main purpose is the manufacture, transport and distribution of gas. It includes gas produced by carbonisation (including gas produced by coke ovens and transferred to gas works), by total gasification (with or without enrichment with oil products) and by reforming and simple mixing of gases and/or air.
Lignite
Lignite is a non-agglomerating coal with a gross calorific value of less than
17 435 kJ/kg (4165 kcal/kg), and greater than 31 per cent volatile matter on
a dry mineral matter free basis. Oil shale and tar sands produced and combusted directly are included in this category. Oil shale and tar sands used as inputs for other transformation processes are also included here (this includes the portion consumed in the transformation process).
Patent fuel and
brown coal/peat briquettes (BKB)
Patent fuel is a composition fuel manufactured from
coal fines with the addition of a binding agent (pitch). The
amount of patent fuel produced is, therefore, slightly higher
than the actual amount of coal consumed in the transformation
process. BKB
are composition fuels manufactured from brown coal, produced
by briquetting under high pressure. These figures include peat
briquettes, dried lignite, fines and dust.
Peat
Peat is a combustible soft, porous or compressed, fossil sedimentary deposit of plant origin with high water content (up to 90 per cent in the raw state), easily cut, of light to dark brown colour. Peat used for non-energy purposes is not included.
Other bituminous
coal and anthracite
Other bituminous coal is used for steam raising and space heating purposes and includes all bituminous coals not included under coking coal. It is usually composed of more than 10 per cent volatile matter with a relatively high carbon content (less than 90 per cent fixed carbon). Its gross calorific value is greater than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis.
Anthracite is a high rank coal used for industrial and residential applications. It is generally less than 10 per cent volatile matter and a high carbon content (about 90 per cent fixed carbon). Its gross calorific value is greater than 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) on an ash-free but moist basis.
Sub-bituminous
coal
Non-agglomerating coals with a gross calorific value between 17 435 kJ/kg (4
165 kcal/kg) and 23 865 kJ/kg (5 700 kcal/kg) containing more than 31 per cent
volatile matter on a dry mineral matter free basis.
