The IETS program focuses on energy use in a broad range of industry sectors, uniting IEA activities in this area. The program was established in 2005 as a result of a merger, revamping and extension of activities formerly carried out by separate individual programs. The former programs for Pulp & Paper and for Process Integration are now parts of the IETS. The new program is still under development, with several new activities starting up. Objective The objective of IETS is to allow OECD Member countries and OECD non-Member countries to work together to foster international co-operation for accelerated research and technology development of industrial energy-related technologies and systems with main focus on end-use technologies, also taking into account other relevant IEA activities. Activities Through its activities, the program will increase awareness of technology and energy efficiency in industry, contribute to synergy between different systems and technologies, and enhance international cooperation related to sustainable development. The Participants will implement a wide range of co-operative activities in the fields of: - Scientific research; - Technology and systems research, development, demonstration and deployment; - Technology and systems foresighting; - Technology and systems assessment of policies and consequences; - Information dissemination.

09. Separation Technologies
Work under this annex will include: • What is the state of the art in the different separation areas? • Industrial best practice • Technology outlook • Research challenges • Industrial needs • Information activities • Energy savings potentials • Expert networks • National and international funding opportunities • Project development • Co-ordination needs

10. Energy Efficient Drying and Dewatering Technologies
The objectives of this Annex are the following: (A) Make available information about ongoing research projects in the drying area, present a survey of the energy used for drying in the participating countries and establish methods for benchmarking of different dryers. (B) Compile the relevant legislation for drying of sludges, biowastes and solid biofuels as well compare a number of methods for drying of these products. (C) Compile available information about how the dry matter content can be increased for mechanical dewatering of sludges, biowastes and solid biofuels.

11. Industry-Based Biorefineries
The general objective for this Annex is to provide a sound basis for the efficient integration of biorefinery concept in different industrial sectors where biomass is used as resource or biomass based waste is available, which could be used for fuel/energy production, also considering opportunities of bio-products generation with added value. The work to be developed has a technology component as well as a systems approach. Areas for international cooperation: · Exchange of information on the optimization of energy efficiency in existing plants, to convert internal biomass and black liquor to energy and bioproducts · Implementation of joint projects leading to engine fuels production connected to a pulp or pulp and paper mill · R&D connected to pulp mill biorefineries to produce new materials and chemicals · R&D associated to the integration of CO2 capture and sequestration at lower costs The scope of Annex XI is the integration of biorefinery concept in industry, integrating with an existing plant (e.g. pulp and paper mill) or other, either individual or a complex of industrial companies. It includes economic evaluation, energy efficiency and technical integration of processes that provide energy and higher value-added products.

12. Membrane Technologies
From both the technological and application points of view, separation technology is a very broad field. Molecular membrane separation (a membrane is a partically selective barrier for transport of matter) is seen as one of the most promising and energy-efficeint separation technologies. In practice a reduction of 40-60% of primary energy consumption is anticipated in key molecular separation. Task 12.1 Membranes as energy-efficient technologies for Separation of Hydrocarbons The urge for energy efficient separation technology highlights the need for dissemination of results from different research areas and different countries. Regular assessments of R&D priorities and gaps, as well as comparatie analysis of individual technologies are important to identifying the barriers that hamper implementation of these technologies. The task arims to be a facilitating platform for these activities. Objectives of the task: 1. The organisation of a discussion platform for the dissemination of results in membrane separation. To enhance focus and prioirites in the field of energy efficient membrane separations, road mapping exercises will be stimulated. This will lead to technology assessments and initial estimates of energy savings potential. 2. Oordination of research efforts. Based on an initial screening, olefin/paraffin separation and natural gas and biogas production were selected as focal point for this platform. The task is divided into three subtasks: Subtask A: Road mapping and focussing activities Subtaks B: Natural gas and biogas production Subtask C: Olefin/paraffin separation